The function and meaning of the Dutch language in Dutch culture and society has become a prominent topic of debate among politicians, journalists, and opinion makers in general. But it is not only professionals who engage in this debate: lay persons, ‘the men and women in the street’ also passionately participate in discussions on language issues. The debate seems driven mainly by the idea that inhabitants of the Netherlands who do not speak Dutch, or speak non-standard varieties of Dutch, cannot fully ‘integrate’ into Dutch society, and hence, pose a threat to the preservation of Dutch culture and society, and Western values in general.
In this course, we will dissect the current language debate in the Netherlands and try to identify its ideological foundations (e.g. one nation-one language; one culture-one language; bi/multilingualism leads to corruption of Dutch and hence Dutch culture). We will also be looking at language practices in which new, nonstandard varieties of Dutch (e.g. the well-known ‘straattaal’, ‘street language’) play a central role.
Questions that we will be addressing here include: how are new non-standard varieties of Dutch being used; what role do they play in creating alternative ‘creolized’ social identities; how do standard and non-standard usages of Dutch co-exist and co-articulate each other? The main aim of this course is to show how and why linguistic difference can lead to heated debate and how it can be used to create or reinforce cultural, ethnic, and religious difference, often with dramatic consequences.
Many of the course readings are available online (via the Digital Library of the University Library) Inspection copies of assigned readings that are not online will be available at the beginning of the course.
10 ECTS
dr. Vincent A. de Rooij (see Blackboard for contact info)
Friday 09:00 - 13:00 hrs; Oostindisch Huis B017 (entrance: Kloveniersburgwal 48)
Class attendance is obligatory. If you must miss class for any reason, I expect you to notify me in advance by e-mail or telephone. Students who miss more than one class meeting will be asked to submit extra work. Frequent absence –for whatever reason– will result in exclusion from the course.
Students are expected to actively participate in discussing the assigned weekly readings. Active involvement in class meetings will reflect positively on your final grade. Students are encouraged to bring and present observations, newspaper clippings, or other materials bearing on the topics discussed to class.
Assignments are due at 10 AM on the Wednesday prior to the Friday meeting. I prefer to have hard copy but I also accept submission by e-mail <v.a.derooij@uva.nl> The weekly coursework will consist of brief reviews (200-300 words) of required readings or data collection assignments. The reviews will be graded, and the average grade for the reviews will make up 25% of the final grade. The remaining 75% of the grade is made up by the final paper (see below).
The final paper (4000-6000 words) makes up 75% of the final grade. Participants will present their papers at a conference at the end of the semester.
| Week & Date | Topic | Assignment | Readings | Main points of discussion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 [10 September] | No class | Written motivation for enrolling in this course (200 words max.) | --- | |
| 2 [17 September] | Introduction | --- | ||
| 3 [24 September] | Language ideologies: Formation and reproduction | review
of: Blommaert 1999a & 1999b or Woolard 1998 |
Blommaert 1999a & 1999b |
- Core concepts:
ideology-practice; - The power of language ideologies - Language socialization & language ideology - How do thinking & feeling about own and other's languages impact on identity & social relations? |
| 4 [1 October] | Discourses of monolingualism versus multilingualism | review
of Bennis et al. 2000 & Grezel 2000 or Haugen 1985 |
Bennis et
al. 2000 Grezel 2000 Haugen 1985 |
- How are ideologies of mono / multilingualism legitimized and how are they constructed in talk & writing? |
| 5 [8 October] | Language ideologies and social stereotyping |
topic for final paper review of |
Irvine &
Gal 2000 Stroud 2004 |
- Delving
deeper into issues of language & identity - How are ideas about languages involved in the (re)production of social difference, stereotypes, & unequal power relations? |
| 6 [15 October] | New Dutch(es) or Counter-languages: ‘straattaal’ [‘street language’], codeswitching, ‘ethnolects’, Poldernederlands |
bibliography for final paper review of |
Appel 1999 Bronkhorst 2000 Cornips 2002 Cornips & de Rooij 2003 Urciuoli 1991 |
- How &
why do people create linguistic 'spaces' to counteract dominant language
ideologies? - How does the dominant ideology react to these practices? |
| 7 [22 October] | Discourses of language and integration: The political arena |
bring opinion article & your analysis to class review of one of the assigned readings |
Blommaert
& Verschueren 1998 Duyvendak & Rijkschroeff 2004 |
- The role
of language in the discussion of migration and integration: what are the hidden assumptions and normative ideas? |
| 8 [29 October] | Popular discourses of language and integration |
bring text (web page, transcription ...) & your analysis to class review of one of the assigned readings |
Dibbits &
Meder 1999. Verkuyten 2001 |
Same as last week, only this time we look at 'popular' discourses (e.g. in forums on the internet) |
| 9 [5 November] | Official language use: Law, ideology, practices | review
of Philips 1998 |
Philips 1998 | - What is prescribed by law & regulations and how does this compare to actual usage & practices (information from the administration on websites, in folders et cetera; usage in official places such as town hall, courtrooms) ? |
| 10 [12 November] | Languages in the media | review
of Crawford 1998b or Spitulnik 1998 |
Crawford 1998b Spitulnik 1998 |
- Where's
Standard Dutch and where not? - Is there a place for non-standard Dutch? - Where do we find minority languages? |
| 11 [19 November] | Languages in school: Dutch only? Or… | review
of two of the assigned readings |
Bossers s.a. de Bot 1994 Edwards 1985 Extra & Vallen 1997 Flores & Murillo 2001 Vallen 2001 |
- Discussing
OECT / OALT policies (& underlying ideologies) and implementations - Analyzing the discourse legitimating abolishment of OALT |
| 12 [26 November] | Intercultural communication: A critique of interactional sociolinguistics | review
of Singh et al 1996 |
Singh et al 1996 | - Deconstructing the language ideology underlying interactional sociolinguistics |
| 13 [3 December] | Final paper due date | |||
| 14 [10 December] | Conference:
Paper presentations |
Please note: titles will be added to this list throughout the duration of the course
Appel, René. 1999. 1990-1999. 'Het springt gewoon uit je tong': Nederlands als tweede taal en andere talen in Nederland. In: Peter Burger en Jaap de Jong (red.), Taalboek van de eeuw. Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers. 205-222.
Arslan, Zeki. 2002. OALT als cultureel erfgoed. http://www.forum.nl/pdf/OALT%203-10-02.pdf
Barker, Chris, and Dariusz Galasínski. 2001. Cultural studies and discourse analysis: A dialogue on language and identity. London: Sage. 62-85, 143-148.
Barker, Valerie, and Howard Giles. 2002. Who supports the English-Only Movement?: Evidence for misconceptions about Latino group vitality. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 23(5)353-370. http://www.ingenta.com/isis/searching/Expand/ingenta?pub=infobike:/ /mm/jmmd/2002/00000023/00000005/art00002
Bennis, Hans, Guus Extra, Pieter Muysken en Jacomine Nortier. 2000. Het multiculturele voordeel: Meertaligheid als uitgangspunt. Taalkundig manifest. Neder-L Bulletin 0006.a. http://www.neder-l.nl/newindex.html?http://baserv.uci.kun.nl/~salemans/bulletin/2000/06/000602.html
Blackledge, Adrian. 2002. ‘What sort of people can look at a chicken and think dofednod?’: Language, ideology and nationalism in public discourse. Multilingua 21(2/3):197-226. http://www.degruyter.de/journals/multilin/2002/pdf/21_197.pdf
Blackledge, Adrian, and Aneta Pavlenko (eds). 2002. Language ideologies in multilingual contexts [= Multilingua 21(2/3)]. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter. http://www.degruyter.de/journals/multilin/ml21_2-3.html
Blommaert, Jan (ed.). 1999. Language ideological debates. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Blommaert, Jan. 1999a. The debate is open. In: Jan Blommaert (ed.) 1999. 1-38.
Blommaert, Jan. 1999b. The debate is closed. In: Jan Blommaert (ed.) 1999. 425-438.
Blommaert, Jan, and Jef Verschueren. 1998. The role of language in European nationalist ideologies. In: Bambi B. Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.) 1998. 189-210.
Bokhorst-Heng, Wendy. 1999. Singapore’s Speak Mandarin Campaign: Language ideological debates in the imagining of the nation. In: Jan Blommaert (ed.) 1999. 235-265.
Bossers, Bart. s.a. [?2003]. De lange arm van Labov: Over onderwijs in eigen taal, taalachterstanden en het Taalkundig Manifest. http://www.let.vu.nl/staf/bh.bossers/LabovNET.htm
Bot, Kees de. 1994. Comment [on Edwards 1994]. International Journal of the sociology of Language 110:193-201. http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10516417&db=ufh&loginpage=Login.asp
Boyd, Sally. 1998. North Americans in the Nordic region: Elite bilinguals. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 133:31-50. http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10474065&db=ufh&loginpage=Login.asp
Briggs, Charles L. 1998. "You're a liar - You're just like a woman!" Constructing dominant ideologies of language in Warao men's gossip. In: Bambi B. Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.) 1998. 229-255.
Bronkhorst, Xander. 2000. Utrechtse scholieren praten Murks: 'Wij samen ien sjtad mooi hoofddoeken gezien’. Ublad 32, 19 oktober 2002. http://ublad.warande.uu.nl/ubladen/32/08/15murks.html
Bucholtz, Mary. 2002. Youth and cultural practice. Annual Review of Anthropology 31:525-552 http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.anthro.31.040402.085443
Collins, James. 1998. Our ideologies and theirs. In: Bambi B. Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.) 1998. 256-270.
Collins, James. 1999. The ebonics controversy in context: Literacies, subjectivities, and language ideologies in the United States. In: Jan Blommaert (ed.) 1999. 201-234.
Cornips, Leonie. 2002. Etnisch Nederlands in Lombok. In: Hans
Bennis, Guus
Extra, Pieter Muysken en Jacomine Nortier (red.), Een buurt in beweging
Talen en Culturen in het Utrechtse Lombok en Transvaal. Amsterdam: Stichting
Beheer
IISG. http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/projecten/straattaal/etnischnederlands.pdf
Cornips, Leonie, en Vincent A. de Rooij. 2003. "Kijk, Levi's is een goeie merk: maar toch hadden ze 'm gedist van je schoenen doen 'm niet": Jongerentaal heeft de toekomst. In: Jan Stroop (red.), Waar gaat het Nederlands naartoe? Panorama van een taal. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Bert Bakker. 131-142.
Crawford, James (ed.). 1992. Language loyalties: A source book on the official English controversy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Crawford, James. 1996. Anatomy of the English Only Movement: Social and ideological sources of language restrictionism in the United States. http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCRAWFORD/anatomy.htm
Crawford, James. 1998a. Language politics in the U.S.A.: The paradox of bilingual education http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCRAWFORD/paradox.htm
Crawford, James. 1998b. The bilingual education story: Why can't the news media get it right? http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCRAWFORD/NAHJ.htm
Crawford, James. 2002. Obituary: The Bilingual Education Act, 1968-2002 http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCRAWFORD/T7obit.htm
Dibbits, Hester, en Theo Meder. 1999. Kasbah in de Kanaalstraat:
Beeldvorming in en rond een multi-etnische stadswijk: een verkenning. [eerder
verschenen in: Volkskundig Bulletin 25(1)[1999]:39-70]
http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/projecten/tcult/kasbah.html
/ http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/projecten/tcult/kasbah.pdf
Dubbeldam, Piet. 2003. Gemiste onderwijskansen. http://www.oalt.nl/services/actueel_gemonderwijsk.html
Duyvendak, Jan Willem, en Rally Rijkschroeff. 2004. De bronnen van het integratiebeleid. Sociologische Gids 51(1):3-17. http://www.extenza-eps.com/extenza/loadPDFInit?objectIDValue=30372
Edwards, John. 1994. Ethnolinguistic pluralism and its discontents: a Canadian study, and some general observations (focus article, comments, rebuttal essay). International Journal of the Sociology of Language 110:5-219. http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10516336&db=ufh&loginpage=Login.asp
Edwards, Viv. 1985. Expressing alienation: Creole in the classroom. In: Nessa Wolfson and Joan Manes (eds.) 1985. 325-334.
Extra, Guus. 2003. De omgang met taaldiversiteit in multicultureel Europa. http://www.oalt.nl/services/actueel_taaldiversiteit.html
Extra, Guus, and Ton Vallen. 1997. The sociolinguistic status of immigrant minority groups in the Netherlands. Sociolinguistica 11:204-214.
Flores, Susana Y., and Enrique G. Murillo Jr. 2001. Power, language, and ideology: Historical and contemporary notes on the dismantling of bilingual education. The Urban Review 33(3):183-206. http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=11308923&db=aph&loginpage=Login.asp
Friedrich, Paul. 1989. Language, ideology, and political economy. American Anthropologist 91(2):295-312. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-7294%28198906%292%3A91%3A2%3C295%3ALIAPE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9
Gal, Susan. 1998. Multiplicity and contention among language ideologies: A commentary. In: Bambi B.Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.). 1998. 317-331.
Garcia, Eugene E. 2002. Bilingualism and schooling in the United States (focus article, reviewer’s comments, rebuttal essay). International Journal of the Sociology of Language 155-156:1-204. http://www.degruyter.com/journals/ijsl/ijsl155-156_02.html (TOC & hyperlinks to focus article, reviewer’s comments, rebuttal essay)
Grezel, Jan Erik. 2000. Taal in de hoofdrol: Moedertaal en Nederlands in het multiculturele drama. Onze Taal (Juni 2000) http://www.onzetaal.nl/archief/2000/06/1.html
Hamel, Rainer Enrique. 1997. Introduction: linguistic human rights in a sociolinguistic perspective. In: Rainer Enrique Hamel (ed.) 1997. 1-24. http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=10516321&db=ufh&loginpage=Login.asp
Haugen, Einar. 1985. The language of imperialism: Unity or pluralism? In: Nessa Wolfson, and Joan Manes (eds.). 1985. 3-17.
Hélot, Christine. 2003. Language policy and the ideology of bilingual education in France. Language Policy 2:255-277. http://ipsapp009.kluweronline.com/IPS/content/ext/x/J/4983/I/8/A/10/type/PDF/article.htm
Hewitt, Roger. 1986. White talk black talk: Inter-racial friendship and communication amongst adolescents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hymes, Dell. 1996. Ethnography, linguistics, narrative inequality: Toward an understanding of voice. London: Taylor & Francis. [Ch. 4: Report from an underdeveloped country: Toward linguistic competence in the United States, pp. 151-194]
Irvine, Judith T., and Susan Gal. 2000. Language ideology and linguistic differentiation. In: Paul V. Kroskrity (ed.) 2000. 35-83.
Kasuya, Keisuke. 2001. Discourses of linguistic dominance: A historical consideration of French language ideology. International Review of Education - Internationales Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft - Revue Internationale de l'Education 47(3-4):235-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017993507936
Kroon, Sjaak. 1998. A plea for normalizing multilingualism. Deutsch lernen 23(1):46-58.
Kroon, Sjaak, and Ton Vallen. 1994. Multilingualism and education: An overview of language and education policies for ethnic minorities in The Netherlands. Current Issues in Language & Society 1(2): 103-129.
Kroskrity, Paul V. 2000. Regimenting languages: Language ideological perspectives. In: Paul V. Kroskrity (ed.) 2000. 1-34.
Kroskrity, Paul V. (ed.). 2000. Regimes of language: Ideologies, polities, and identites. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press / Oxford: James Currey.
Kroskrity , Paul V. 2004. Language ideologies. In: Alessandro Duranti (ed.), A Companion to linguistic anthropology. Malden, MA / Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. 496-517.
Levende Talen Tijdschrift. 2002. nr.1. Themanummer 'Etnisch nederlands'.
McAndrew, Marie, and Lamarre, Patricia. 1996. The integration of ethnic minority students fifteen years after Bill 101: Linguistic and cultural issues confronting Quebec’s French language schools. Canadian Ethnic Studies/Etudes Ethniques au Canada 28(2): 40-63. http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9709255084&db=aph&loginpage=Login.asp
Milroy, Lesley, and James Milroy. 1999. Authority in language: Investigating Standard English (third edition). London: Routledge.
Moor, Gaby de. 2003. Wereldklas pept anderstalige jongeren op. Taalschrift: tijdschrift over taal en taalbeleid (21 mei 2003). http://taalschrift.org/reportage/000085.html
Nunberg, Geoffrey. 1989. Linguistics and the Official English Movement. Language 65(3):579-587. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-8507%28198909%2965%3A3%3C579%3ALATOLM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-H
Oostendorp, Marc van. 2002. Col: 0208.09: Column Marc van Oostendorp: NederNed, no. 44: Taalwetenschappelijk socialisme. Neder-L Bulletin 0208.a. http://www.neder-l.nl/newindex.html?http://www.neder-l.nl/bulletin/2002/08/020809.html
Pattanayak, D.P. 1985. Diversity in communication and languages; predicament of a multilingual nation state: India, a case study. In: Nessa Wolfson, and Joan Manes (eds.). 1985. 399-407.
Pavlenko, Aneta. 2002. ‘We have room for but one language here’: Language and national identity in the US at the turn of the 20th century. Multilingua 21(2/3):163-196. http://www.degruyter.de/journals/multilin/2002/pdf/21_163.pdf
Philips, Susan U. 1985. Indian children in Anglo classrooms. In: Nessa Wolfson, and Joan Manes (eds.). 1985. 311-323.
Philips, Susan U. 1998. Language ideologies in institutions of power: A commentary. In: Bambi B.Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.). 1998. 211-225.
Rampton, Ben. 1995. Crossing: Language and ethnicity among adolescents. London: Longman.
Ricento, Thomas. 2002. Introduction. In: Thomas Ricento, and Terrence G. Wiley (eds.). 2002. 1-9. http://www.degruyter.com/journals/ijsl/2002/pdf/154_1.pdf
Ricento, Thomas, and Terrence G. Wiley (eds.). 2002. Revisiting the mother-tongue question in language policy, planning, and politics [=International Journal of the Sociology of Language 154]. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter. http://www.degruyter.com/journals/ijsl/ijsl154_02.html
Rickford, John R. 1985. Standard and non-standard language attitudes in a creole continuum. In: Nessa Wolfson, and Joan Manes (eds.) 1985. 145-160.
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Schmidt, Ronald, Sr. 2002. Racialization and language policy: The case of the U.S.A. Multilingua 21(2/3):141-161. http://www.degruyter.de/journals/multilin/2002/pdf/21_141.pdf
Shannon, Sheila. 1999. The debate on bilingual education in the U.S.: Language ideology as reflected in the practice of bilingual teachers. In: Jan Blommaert (ed.). 1999. 171-199.
Silverstein, Michael. 1998. The uses and utility of ideology: A commentary. In: Bambi B.Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.). 1998. 123-145.
Silverstein, Michael. 2000. Whorfianism and the linguistic imagination of nationality. In: Paul V. Kroskrity (ed.) 2000. 85-138.
Silverstein, Michael. 2003. The when and wheres -as well as hows- of ethnolinguistic recognition. Public Culture 15(3):531-557. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/public_culture/v015/15.3silverstein.pdf
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Singh, Rajendra, Jayant Lee, and Gita Martohardjono. 1996. Communication in a multilingal society: Some missed opportunities. In: Rajendra Singh (ed.) 1996. 237-254.
Smolicz , Jerzy J., and Margaret J. Secombe. 2003. Assimilation or pluralism? Changing policies for minority languages education in Australia. Language Policy 2(1):3-25. http://ipsapp007.kluweronline.com/IPS/frames/toc.aspx?J=4983&I=4#
Spitulnik, Debra. 1998. Mediating unity and diversity: The production of language ideologies in Zambian broadcasting. In: Bambi B.Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard, and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds.). 1998. 163-188.
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Zijlmans, Mieke. 2004. Straattaal lonkt naar Groene Boekje. Taalschrift: tijdschrift over taal en taalbeleid (19 maart 2004). http://taalschrift.org/reportage/000485.html
CDA [Christian Democrats]. Actueel | Dossiers | Integratie [What's new | Files | Integration]. http://www.cda.nl/domains/cda/pages/content.asp?content=11010000000450_2_10000000001651&navid=10000000000724_10000000000030
D66 [Left wing Liberals]. Verkiezingsprogramma’s [party programs]. http://d66.nl/Verkiezingsprogramma_s
LPF [List Pim Fortuyn]. [site is very poorly organized; use Google to find pages on ‘integration’ http://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Alijst-pimfortuyn.nl+integratie or ‘oalt’ http://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Alijst-pimfortuyn.nl+oalt ]
Jonge Socialisten in de PvdA [Young Socialists in the PvdA/Labour Party]. 2004. Integratie en de Nederlandse taal. Congresmotie [Integration and the Dutch language. Congress resolution]. 20/06/2004. http://www.js.nl/?credo=518
Partij van de Arbeid {Labor Party]. 2004. Integratiedebat PvdA: Taal sleutel voor succes [PvdA debate on integration: Language key to success]. http://pvda.nl/renderer.do/menuId/121665/sf/121665/returnPage/121665/itemId/34331/realItemId/34331/pageId/37210/instanceId/121674/
Socialistische Partij [Socialist Party]. Dossier Integratie [Integration file]. http://www.sp.nl/dossiers/integratie/
GroenLinks ['GreenLeft' fusion of former communist, pacifist, and environmentalist parties]. Standpunten | Multiculturele samenleving [Positions | Multicultural society]. http://www.groenlinks.nl/standpunten/Thema.2004-03-29.5842
VVD [Right wing Liberals]. Standpunten | Integratie [Positions | Integration]. http://www.vvd.nl/index2.asp?ParentItemID=3&ItemID=813
Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap [Ministry/Dept. of Education, ‘Culture’, and Sciences] [search this site with Google for ‘integratie’ http://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Aminocw.nl+integratie or ‘OALT’ http://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Aminocw.nl+oalt ]
Gemeente Amsterdam. Dienst Maatschappelijke Ontwikkeling. Educatie en Inburgering [Amsterdam City Council. Dept of Social Development. Education, and 'Inburgering']. http://www.e-i.amsterdam.nl/live/index.jsp
Gemeente Amsterdam. Dienst Maatschappelijke Ontwikkeling. Taalprogramma
primair onderwijs [Amsterdam City Council. Dept of Social Development.
Language program primary education]. 3 mei 2004.
http://www.onderwijs.amsterdam.nl/live/index.jsp?nav=229&loc=1425&det=6062
& select the hyperlink 'Taalprogramma primair onderwijs' on the right
InburgerNet. Sponsored by the Dept of Justice, this website aims to provide information on all aspects of 'inburgering'. http://www.inburgernet.nl/ ; the site has a separate section on 'Taal' [Language]: http://www.inburgernet.nl/traject/taal/index.html
NT2puntNL. Information on Dutch as second language, financed by the Dept of Education, Culture, and Science. http://www.nt2puntnl.kennisnet.nl/
Onderwijsachterstanden [Educational deficits]. http://www.onderwijsachterstanden.nl/
Heemland: Forum voor Nederlandse politiek | Heemland 19 | Wegzinken van Nederland: De Nederlandse etnische entiteit in de waagschaal http://www.heemland.nl/hl19-Wegzinken_van_Nederland.htm
Marokko Community | Algemeen | Marokkaanse jongeren en actualiteiten | Nederlandse taal verplichten? [Morocco Community | General | Moroccon youths and news | Make Dutch language obligatory?] http://forums.marokko.nl/showthread.php?threadid=27227
Nieuw Rechts. Nieuw Rechts forum | Algemeen | Integratie en migratie [New Right | New Right Forum | General | Integration and migration]. http://www.nieuwrechts.nl/forum/onderwerp/9.html , topic: 'geen buitenlands taal in openbare ruimtes' http://www.nieuwrechts.nl/forum/onderwerp/9/bekijk/9309.html
Samenwerkingsverband Opleidingen Allochtone Levende Talen http://www.oalt.nl/
U.S.ENGLISH, Inc. ["citizens' action group dedicated to preserving the unifying role of the English language in the United States"] http://www.us-english.org/.
Crawford, James. 1995-2004. Language Policy Web Site & Emporium . http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCRAWFORD/home.htm [lots of papers and chapters form his books]
Informatiecentrum Taal. Information on Dutch as a second language. http://www.kpcgroep.nl/kennisonline/onderwerp/index.asp?SubjectID=88&ThemeID=16
Instituut voor Taalonderzoek en Taalonderwijs Anderstaligen (ITTA) [Insititute for Language Research and Language Education Foreign Language Speakers]. http://www.itta.uva.nl/
Meertens Instituut | Straattaal en identiteit in meertalig en multi-etnisch Amsterdam http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/projecten/straattaal.html [articles on 'straattaal', 'street language']
Nederlands Online (NEON). http://neon.niederlandistik.fu-berlin.de/ (of special interest is the section Taalvariatie by Ulrike Vogl http://neon.niederlandistik.fu-berlin.de/langvar/ )
Patrick, Peter. ?-2001. African American English: A Webpage for Linguists (and other folks). http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~patrickp/AAVE.html
Poldernederlands [site maintained by the dicoverer of this variety of Dutch; hosts several interesting articles in Dutch and English]. http://cf.hum.uva.nl/poldernederlands/
Research on language in/and education in the Netherlands (an inventory of research projects from the Dutch Research Database) http://www2.niwi.knaw.nl/en/oi/nod/search?query=taal*+en+onderwijs*&startpos=%2Fen%2Foi%2Fnod
Rickford, John. 1996-? Writings on the "Ebonics" issue. http://www.stanford.edu/~rickford/ebonics/
NRC | Dossier Multiculturele Samenleving [Multicultural Society file] http://www.nrc.nl/W2/Lab/Multicultureel/inhoud.html
Trouw | Podium | Immigratie en integratie [Immigration and integration] http://www.trouwpodium.nl/ubb/Forum129/HTML/000007.html
Centraal Bureau voor Statistiek | Statline [Statistics Netherlands | Statline] http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/start.asp?LA=nl&DM=SLNL&lp=Search/Search [english version: http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/start.asp?LA=en&DM=SLEN&lp=Search/Search]
Gemeente Amsterdam | Dienst Onderzoek en Statistiek [Amsterdam City Council | Dept of Research and Statistics] http://www.onstat.amsterdam.nl/ [English version: http://www.onstat.amsterdam.nl/english/]
source background image: http://213.132.202.58/uploadedImgs/allochtonen.jpg
last update: 15 October, 2004 [links to CBS & O+S added]